منابع مشابه
Genes, peoples and languages.
The genetic history of a group of populations is usually analyzed by reconstructing a tree of their origins. Reliability of the reconstruction depends on the validity of the hypothesis that genetic differentiation of the populations is mostly due to population fissions followed by independent evolution. If necessary, adjustment for major population admixtures can be made. Dating the fissions re...
متن کاملNative American Languages, indigenous languages of the native peoples of North, Middle, and South America
South America. The precise number of languages originally spoken cannot be known, since many disappeared before they were documented. In North America, around 300 distinct, mutually unintelligible languages were spoken when Europeans arrived. Of those, 187 survive today, but few will continue far into the 21st century, since children are no longer learning the vast majority of these. In Middle ...
متن کاملLanguages, Genes, and Cultures
This paper examines three situations in which distances between languages, genes, and cultures matter. The first is concerned with the determinants, which govern the learning of foreign languages. One of these is the “difficulty” of the foreign language, represented by the distance between the native and the foreign language. The second case deals with the formation and breaking-up of nations. ...
متن کامل1. Presentation Genes and Languages 1
1. Presentation More than 5000 languages are spoken today. A few are used by hundreds of millions of people, but the great majority have a very restricted distribution. Languages with only a hundred speakers or fewer are in danger of imminent extinction ; many have disappeared already. It doesn't take a linguist to know that some languages are more closely related than others. Spanish and Itali...
متن کاملIndigenous Peoples and Biodiversity*
Indigenous people number over 300 million. They are inhabitants of practically each main biome of the earth and especially of the least disturbed terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the world. Based on an exhaustive review of recently published data, this chapter stresses the strategic importance of indigenous peoples in the maintenance and conservation of world's biodiversity. Four main link...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 1997
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.15.7719